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HVC solves process-engineering problems in collection systems for municipal wastewater, for example odor and hydrogen sulfide problems causing concrete corrosion. The knowledge gained during more than 20 years is included in the advanced WATS sewer process model. This model constitutes the conceptual foundatin of other sewer process model developed over the later years.

Examples on the use of WATS:

During recent years, HVC has conducted the following projects related to sewer process engineering:

Modeling hydrogen sulfide and odors in San Francisco, USA (ongoing, The San Francisco Public Utilities Commission): Modeling of hydrogen sulfide and odors applying the WATS model. The goal is to contribute to the long-term management of odor and corrosion problems in the public sewer network of San Francisco, California.

Modeling hydrogen sulfide in the city of Tangier, Morocco (2012, Veolia Environnement Maroc): Hydrogen sulfide occurrence was modeled in the trunk sewers of Tangier applying the WATS model. It covered 195 km of sewers and open channels and was calibrated and validated to the catchment. Hot-spots were identified and a wide range of management strategies were simulated.

Evaluation and modeling of hydrogen sulfide and odors in an intercepting sewer system (2012, Syddjurs Water (Syddjurs Spildevand A/S)): A system consisting of a force mains and an intercepting gravity sewer was inspected and simulated to assess perceived odor problems and to suggest mitigation methods.

Prediction of hydrogen sulfide formation in the intercepting force main from Mafraq to the Al Wathba wastewater treatment plant, United Arab Emirates (2012, Veolia Water Systems).

Prediction of the expected hydrogen sulfide loading on the Odor Control Unit of the wastewater treatment plant Wathba in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (2012, Veolia Water Systems).

Modeling hydrogen sulfide in the city of Ajman, United Arab Emirates (2010-2011, sub-contractor for Krüger A/S, Denmark): Hydrogen sulfide was modeled in all of Ajman applying the WATS model. It covered 260 km of sanitary sewers and was calibrated to data from the catchment. Hot-spots were identified and addition of iron, nitrate and oxygen was simulated as possible mitigation strategies.

Evaluation of corrosion problems in the Antwerpse Ruien sewer system (2009-2010, Aquafin, Belgium): Evaluating the pertinent odor and corrosion problems in the sewer system of the Antwerpse Ruien area. Based on system data, visual inspections of the system and model simulations, a number of recommended actions were proposed for alleviating the problems.

Modeling hydrogen sulfide in the city of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (2009-2010, sub-contractor for Niras A/S, Denmark): Hydrogen sulfide was modeled in the whole catchment of Abu Dhabi Island, covering 870 km of sanitary sewer. The WATS model was calibrated and validated on a large sub-catchment, and following used to determine hydrogen sulfide hot-spots. Hydrogen sulfide mitigation by iron and nitrate addition was modeled.

Evaluation and modeling of hydrogen sulfide and odors in an intercepting sewer system (2009, Fureso Water (Furesø Spildevand A/S)): A system consisting of two force mains and an intercepting gravity sewer was inspected and simulated to assess perceived odor problems and to suggest mitigation methods.